Standards for each grade of steel specify the proportions by weight of each of these elements, as well as any additional elements alloyed with them. If it has been made correctly, a metal should not only have the correct chemical analysis, but also perform within the correct range in mechanical tests. Published standards also record the mechanical properties of a specified metal. Specific instructions may also be given on melting temperature, cooling, and treatment.

A standard includes the chemistry, or вЂњrecipeвЂќ for the alloy, documenting what different elements should be melted into it. Metal alloys are a mixture of different proportions of elements. Understanding what makes a steel standard or specification can help a North American business navigate overseas production.

However, the quality of the grades of steel are as good, country to country. The question becomes: can you find an equivalent? This can be confusing, as each named metal grade has its own chemistry and production guidelines.ДЇor people without a materials background, these differences can make the purchase of foreign-made metal seem iffy, like ordering an inferior knockoff. When converting from one standard to another, itвЂ™s almost impossible to find identical compositions for a given type of metal.

International standards do not translate, metal-for-metal, the way words might translate. It leaves some designers wondering if there is something intrinsic in the official standards in other countries that can lead to these complaints. Rumors abound about people receiving poor quality steels from other jurisdictions. To a new designer, steel grades might seem easy, where 316 stainless steel is one material and cast iron another, but there are variations in each of these categories of metal. Seamless Cold-drawn Carbon Steel Feedwater Heater TubesД®ngineering specification is also a language, and standard specifications for material and processes are defined differently in each country in the world. Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel for Mechanical Tubing Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy Steel Boiler, Superheater and Heat-exchanger Tubes Seamless Medium-carbon Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes Seamless Cold-drawn Intermediate Alloy Steel Heat-exchanger and Condenser Tubes Seamless Carbon Steel Boiler Tubes for High Pressure Seamless Carbon Steel for High Temperature Service Weight of bundle вЂ“ up to 5000 kg upon request of customer.Д®ach bundle is furnished with three tags.Д¬lick here to see JIS, BS and DIN standard number.American Society for Testing and Materials(ASTM), American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) DescriptionД«lack and Hot-dipped Zinc-coated Steel Pipes Seamless Pipes are supplied in hexagonal bundles or round bundles tied with steel strip. Packed in wooden crates, wrapped in plastic, and suitably protected for sea-worthly delivery or as requested.Д«oth ends of each crate will indicate the order no., heat no., dimensions, weight and bundles or as requested. Those using steel products purchase the product that fulfills the requirements they need for what they are building. These groups overlap each other, but are generally consistent.ДЄSTMвЂ™s steel testing covers many specifications, including alloy, size, toughness and composition. Three of the most common are SAE, ASTM International and ANSI. There are several groups that apply standards to steel production. Manufacturers usually note in their catalogs and advertisements all the standards a particular product meets. The results are listed in a main ASTM steel grade for steel pipe as below.ДЄSTM A106: covers carbon steel pipe for high-temperature service.ДЄSTM A335: covers seamless ferritic alloy-steel pipe for high-temperature service.ДЄSTM A333: covers wall seamless and welded carbon and alloy steel pipe intended for use at low temperatures.ДЄSTM A312 : specification for seamless, straight-seam welded, and cold worked welded austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive service.ДЄSTM standards and SAE standards are compatible and overlap. It tests steelвЂ™s properties, hardness, resistance to corrosion, pitting, heat treating processes and others. Steel according to alloy, stainless steel or carbon. Manufacturers follow ASTM standard voluntarily.ДЄSTM International is an organization that publishes documents and develops standards on a wide variety of materials and processes. ASTM steel pipe is steel pipe that has been created by ASTM and meets certain performance requirements.

Astm standards for pipes